{"id":644,"date":"2020-07-15T12:16:05","date_gmt":"2020-07-15T12:16:05","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.ull.es\/catedras\/catedrabob\/?page_id=644"},"modified":"2026-09-28T11:50:44","modified_gmt":"2026-09-28T11:50:44","slug":"que-es-big-data","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/www.ull.es\/catedras\/catedrabob\/fr\/que-es-big-data\/","title":{"rendered":"Qu&#039;est-ce que le Big Data ?"},"content":{"rendered":"<div class=\"wp-block-stackable-columns alignfull stk-block-columns stk--hide-desktop stk--hide-tablet stk-block stk-3830c97\" data-block-id=\"3830c97\"><style>.stk-3830c97 {margin-top:-30px !important;}<\/style><div class=\"stk-row stk-inner-blocks stk-block-content stk-content-align stk-3830c97-column alignfull\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-stackable-column stk-block-column stk-column stk-block stk-e083ab9\" data-v=\"4\" data-block-id=\"e083ab9\"><div class=\"stk-column-wrapper stk-block-column__content stk-container stk-e083ab9-container stk--no-background stk--no-padding\"><div class=\"stk-block-content stk-inner-blocks stk-e083ab9-inner-blocks\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-stackable-columns stk-block-columns stk-block stk-df7cb67\" data-block-id=\"df7cb67\"><div class=\"stk-row stk-inner-blocks stk-block-content stk-content-align stk-df7cb67-column\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-stackable-column stk-block-column stk-column stk-block stk-ac6a7be\" data-v=\"4\" data-block-id=\"ac6a7be\"><div class=\"stk-column-wrapper stk-block-column__content stk-container stk-ac6a7be-container stk--no-background stk--no-padding\"><div class=\"stk-block-content stk-inner-blocks stk-ac6a7be-inner-blocks\"><\/div><\/div><\/div>\n<\/div><\/div>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div>\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-stackable-columns alignfull stk-block-columns stk-block stk-729d260 stk-block-background stk--has-background-overlay\" data-block-id=\"729d260\"><style>.stk-729d260 {background-color:linear-gradient(135deg,rgb(161,9,157) 0%,rgb(63,37,132) 100%) !important;padding-top:10px !important;padding-bottom:10px !important;margin-bottom:0px !important;}.stk-729d260:before{background-image:linear-gradient(135deg,rgb(161,9,157) 0%,rgb(63,37,132) 100%) !important;}<\/style><div class=\"stk-row stk-inner-blocks stk-block-content stk-content-align stk-729d260-column alignfull\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-stackable-column stk-block-column stk-column stk-block stk-2d7a48d\" data-v=\"4\" data-block-id=\"2d7a48d\"><div class=\"stk-column-wrapper stk-block-column__content stk-container stk-2d7a48d-container stk--no-background stk--no-padding\"><div class=\"stk-block-content stk-inner-blocks stk-2d7a48d-inner-blocks\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-stackable-columns alignwide stk-block-columns stk-block stk-16fdf11\" data-block-id=\"16fdf11\"><style>.stk-16fdf11 .stk--block-align-16fdf11{align-items:center !important;}.stk-16fdf11 {margin-bottom:4px !important;}.stk-16fdf11-column{max-width:1150px !important;min-width:auto !important;}<\/style><div class=\"stk-row stk-inner-blocks stk--block-align-16fdf11 stk-block-content stk-content-align stk-16fdf11-column alignwide\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-stackable-column stk-block-column stk-column stk-block stk-d7f545b\" data-v=\"4\" data-block-id=\"d7f545b\"><div class=\"stk-column-wrapper stk-block-column__content stk-container stk-d7f545b-container stk--no-background stk--no-padding\"><div class=\"stk-block-content stk-inner-blocks stk-d7f545b-inner-blocks\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-stackable-heading stk-block-heading stk-block-heading--v2 stk-block stk-26fdc6e\" id=\"strong-que-es-big-data-strong\" data-block-id=\"26fdc6e\"><style>.stk-26fdc6e .stk-block-heading__text{color:#fffffe !important;}<\/style><h1 class=\"stk-block-heading__text has-text-color\"><strong>Qu&#039;est-ce que le Big Data ?<\/strong><\/h1><\/div>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div>\n<\/div><\/div>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div>\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-stackable-columns alignfull stk-block-columns stk--hide-mobile stk-block stk-cc759a5 stk-block-background stk--has-background-overlay\" data-block-id=\"cc759a5\"><style>.stk-cc759a5 {background-image:url(https:\/\/www.ull.es\/catedras\/catedrabob\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/6\/2020\/07\/bob99.jpg) !important;padding-top:10px !important;padding-bottom:10px !important;}<\/style><div class=\"stk-row stk-inner-blocks stk-block-content stk-content-align stk-cc759a5-column alignfull\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-stackable-column stk-block-column stk-column stk-block stk-7580fd6\" data-v=\"4\" data-block-id=\"7580fd6\"><div class=\"stk-column-wrapper stk-block-column__content stk-container stk-7580fd6-container stk--no-background stk--no-padding\"><div class=\"stk-block-content stk-inner-blocks stk-7580fd6-inner-blocks\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-stackable-columns alignwide stk-block-columns stk-block stk-cb6ebd4\" data-block-id=\"cb6ebd4\"><style>.stk-cb6ebd4 .stk--block-align-cb6ebd4{align-items:center !important;}.stk-cb6ebd4 {padding-top:25px !important;margin-bottom:4rem !important;margin-left:38rem !important;}.stk-cb6ebd4-column{max-width:1150px !important;min-width:auto !important;}@media screen and (max-width: 767px){.stk-cb6ebd4 {margin-left:0px !important;}}<\/style><div class=\"stk-row stk-inner-blocks stk--block-align-cb6ebd4 stk-block-content stk-content-align stk-cb6ebd4-column alignwide\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-stackable-column stk-block-column stk-column stk-block stk-f4e7c61\" data-v=\"4\" data-block-id=\"f4e7c61\"><style>.stk-f4e7c61 {border-color:#fffffe !important;border-top-width:10px !important;border-right-width:0px !important;border-bottom-width:0px !important;border-left-width:0px !important;}<\/style><div class=\"stk-column-wrapper stk-block-column__content stk-container stk-f4e7c61-container stk--no-background stk--no-padding\"><div class=\"stk-block-content stk-inner-blocks stk-f4e7c61-inner-blocks\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-stackable-spacer stk-block-spacer stk--no-padding stk-block stk-cf609d0\" data-block-id=\"cf609d0\"><style>.stk-cf609d0 {height:250px !important;}<\/style><\/div>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div>\n<\/div><\/div>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div>\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-stackable-columns alignwide stk-block-columns stk-block stk-2bee139\" data-block-id=\"2bee139\"><style>.stk-2bee139-column{max-width:1150px !important;min-width:auto !important;}<\/style><div class=\"stk-row stk-inner-blocks stk-block-content stk-content-align stk-2bee139-column alignwide\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-stackable-column stk-block-column stk-column stk-block stk-86a2028\" data-v=\"4\" data-block-id=\"86a2028\"><div class=\"stk-column-wrapper stk-block-column__content stk-container stk-86a2028-container stk--no-background stk--no-padding\"><div class=\"stk-block-content stk-inner-blocks stk-86a2028-inner-blocks\">\n<nav class=\"ull-breadcrumbs\" role=\"navigation\" aria-label=\"chapelure\"><ul><li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.ull.es\/catedras\/catedrabob\/fr\/catedras\/\" title=\"Universit\u00e9 de La Laguna\" style=\"font-size: 19px !important; text-indent:0px !important; background: transparent !important; display:block !important;\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><i class=\"fa fa-home\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/i><\/a><\/li><li class=\"current\"><span>Qu&#039;est-ce que le Big Data ?<\/span><\/li><\/ul><\/nav>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Big Data<\/strong>&nbsp;Le terme \u00ab Big Data \u00bb est devenu incontournable. Les technologies du Big Data permettent de capturer, stocker, g\u00e9rer et analyser des donn\u00e9es massives (en volume), complexes (en vari\u00e9t\u00e9) et \u00e9voluant rapidement (en termes de vitesse de transfert et de variabilit\u00e9 structurelle). Ceci \u00e9tait impossible avec les technologies informatiques traditionnelles.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Ce terme prend une importance croissante dans le monde des affaires. Les entreprises utilisent les donn\u00e9es pour de nombreuses activit\u00e9s, comme mieux comprendre le comportement des clients, identifier de nouvelles opportunit\u00e9s et optimiser leurs op\u00e9rations.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Par exemple, Atlantis Technology, filiale du groupe Binter, utilise le Big Data pour analyser l&#039;efficacit\u00e9 de ses campagnes marketing. L&#039;entreprise divise d&#039;abord ses clients potentiels en deux groupes, et la campagne est cibl\u00e9e sur l&#039;un d&#039;eux. Pendant la campagne, elle suit les clics sur son site web, sur ses publicit\u00e9s Google, etc., jusqu&#039;\u00e0 la conclusion d&#039;une vente, le cas \u00e9ch\u00e9ant. Gr\u00e2ce \u00e0 ces donn\u00e9es, elle analyse le comportement des clients ayant b\u00e9n\u00e9fici\u00e9 de la campagne et le compare \u00e0 celui de l&#039;autre groupe afin de d\u00e9terminer si la campagne a \u00e9t\u00e9 r\u00e9ellement fructueuse ou si elle aurait permis d&#039;obtenir les m\u00eames r\u00e9sultats sans elle.<\/p>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div>\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-stackable-columns alignwide stk-block-columns stk--hide-mobile stk-block stk-d988ad3\" data-block-id=\"d988ad3\"><style>.stk-d988ad3-column{max-width:1150px !important;min-width:auto !important;justify-content:center !important;}<\/style><div class=\"stk-row stk-inner-blocks stk-block-content stk-content-align stk-d988ad3-column stk--flex alignwide\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-stackable-column stk-block-column stk-column stk-block stk-c156fd0\" data-v=\"4\" data-block-id=\"c156fd0\"><div class=\"stk-column-wrapper stk-block-column__content stk-container stk-c156fd0-container stk--no-background stk--no-padding\"><div class=\"stk-block-content stk-inner-blocks stk-c156fd0-inner-blocks\">\n<iframe loading=\"lazy\" width=\"760\" height=\"415\" src=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed\/548-ptUf7X4?si=XJdOFMIgcayh1fJ1\" title=\"lecteur vid\u00e9o YouTube\" frameborder=\"0\" allow=\"accelerometer; autoplay; clipboard-write; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture; web-share\" referrerpolicy=\"strict-origin-when-cross-origin\" allowfullscreen=\"\"><\/iframe>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div>\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-stackable-columns alignwide stk-block-columns stk--hide-desktop stk--hide-tablet stk-block stk-532413b\" data-block-id=\"532413b\"><style>.stk-532413b-column{max-width:1150px !important;min-width:auto !important;}<\/style><div class=\"stk-row stk-inner-blocks stk-block-content stk-content-align stk-532413b-column alignwide\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-stackable-column stk-block-column stk-column stk-block stk-14f921e\" data-v=\"4\" data-block-id=\"14f921e\"><div class=\"stk-column-wrapper stk-block-column__content stk-container stk-14f921e-container stk--no-background stk--no-padding\"><div class=\"stk-block-content stk-inner-blocks stk-14f921e-inner-blocks\">\n<iframe loading=\"lazy\" width=\"360\" height=\"315\" src=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed\/548-ptUf7X4?si=XJdOFMIgcayh1fJ1\" title=\"lecteur vid\u00e9o YouTube\" frameborder=\"0\" allow=\"accelerometer; autoplay; clipboard-write; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture; web-share\" referrerpolicy=\"strict-origin-when-cross-origin\" allowfullscreen=\"\"><\/iframe>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div>\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-stackable-columns alignwide stk-block-columns stk-block stk-b199d83\" data-block-id=\"b199d83\"><style>.stk-b199d83-column{max-width:1150px !important;min-width:auto !important;}<\/style><div class=\"stk-row stk-inner-blocks stk-block-content stk-content-align stk-b199d83-column alignwide\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-stackable-column stk-block-column stk-column stk-block stk-d6dca6d\" data-v=\"4\" data-block-id=\"d6dca6d\"><div class=\"stk-column-wrapper stk-block-column__content stk-container stk-d6dca6d-container stk--no-background stk--no-padding\"><div class=\"stk-block-content stk-inner-blocks stk-d6dca6d-inner-blocks\">\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Le Big Data joue un r\u00f4le important dans le secteur de la sant\u00e9. Ces derni\u00e8res ann\u00e9es, les services de sant\u00e9 ont d\u00e9velopp\u00e9 leur utilisation du Big Data afin d&#039;am\u00e9liorer la prise en charge des patients et de r\u00e9duire les co\u00fbts, car les vastes ensembles de donn\u00e9es permettent l&#039;identification pr\u00e9coce des patients \u00e0 haut risque. \u00c0 titre d&#039;exemple, on peut citer le cas du Centre hospitalier universitaire Notre-Dame de Candelaria, qui utilise une grande quantit\u00e9 d&#039;images des yeux des patients pour d\u00e9terminer le degr\u00e9 de r\u00e9tinopathie diab\u00e9tique.<\/p>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div>\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-stackable-columns alignwide stk-block-columns stk--hide-mobile stk-block stk-85a197a\" data-block-id=\"85a197a\"><style>.stk-85a197a-column{max-width:1150px !important;min-width:auto !important;justify-content:center !important;}<\/style><div class=\"stk-row stk-inner-blocks stk-block-content stk-content-align stk-85a197a-column stk--flex alignwide\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-stackable-column stk-block-column stk-column stk-block stk-02b998c\" data-v=\"4\" data-block-id=\"02b998c\"><div class=\"stk-column-wrapper stk-block-column__content stk-container stk-02b998c-container stk--no-background stk--no-padding\"><div class=\"stk-block-content stk-inner-blocks stk-02b998c-inner-blocks\">\n<iframe loading=\"lazy\" width=\"760\" height=\"415\" src=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed\/C9Wrb4Ff-OQ?si=gYYyOgYW1lDlCRsK\" title=\"lecteur vid\u00e9o YouTube\" frameborder=\"0\" allow=\"accelerometer; autoplay; clipboard-write; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture; web-share\" referrerpolicy=\"strict-origin-when-cross-origin\" allowfullscreen><\/iframe>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div>\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-stackable-columns alignwide stk-block-columns stk--hide-desktop stk--hide-tablet stk-block stk-fbafae2\" data-block-id=\"fbafae2\"><style>.stk-fbafae2-column{max-width:1150px !important;min-width:auto !important;}<\/style><div class=\"stk-row stk-inner-blocks stk-block-content stk-content-align stk-fbafae2-column alignwide\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-stackable-column stk-block-column stk-column stk-block stk-db69c06\" data-v=\"4\" data-block-id=\"db69c06\"><div class=\"stk-column-wrapper stk-block-column__content stk-container stk-db69c06-container stk--no-background stk--no-padding\"><div class=\"stk-block-content stk-inner-blocks stk-db69c06-inner-blocks\">\n<iframe loading=\"lazy\" width=\"360\" height=\"315\" src=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed\/548-ptUf7X4?si=XJdOFMIgcayh1fJ1\" title=\"lecteur vid\u00e9o YouTube\" frameborder=\"0\" allow=\"accelerometer; autoplay; clipboard-write; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture; web-share\" referrerpolicy=\"strict-origin-when-cross-origin\" allowfullscreen=\"\"><\/iframe>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div>\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-stackable-columns alignwide stk-block-columns stk-block stk-cc3fef2\" data-block-id=\"cc3fef2\"><style>.stk-cc3fef2-column{max-width:1150px !important;min-width:auto !important;}<\/style><div class=\"stk-row stk-inner-blocks stk-block-content stk-content-align stk-cc3fef2-column alignwide\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-stackable-column stk-block-column stk-column stk-block stk-cfc3a58\" data-v=\"4\" data-block-id=\"cfc3a58\"><div class=\"stk-column-wrapper stk-block-column__content stk-container stk-cfc3a58-container stk--no-background stk--no-padding\"><div class=\"stk-block-content stk-inner-blocks stk-cfc3a58-inner-blocks\">\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Le big data est \u00e9galement utilis\u00e9 dans le secteur public. Les gouvernements s&#039;en servent pour am\u00e9liorer les services et \u00e9laborer de meilleures politiques. Par exemple, le gouvernement des \u00eeles Canaries publie les donn\u00e9es d&#039;arriv\u00e9e des passagers dans les diff\u00e9rents a\u00e9roports et ports de l&#039;archipel. Ces donn\u00e9es sont essentielles pour des entreprises comme TITSA, qui les analysent afin de d\u00e9terminer les heures de pointe et d&#039;augmenter la fr\u00e9quence des bus dans ces zones. Cela leur permet de concentrer leurs ressources sur les zones les plus pertinentes et de mettre en place des strat\u00e9gies de s\u00e9curit\u00e9 publique plus efficaces.<\/p>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div>\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-stackable-columns alignwide stk-block-columns stk--hide-mobile stk-block stk-4956ffb\" data-block-id=\"4956ffb\"><style>.stk-4956ffb-column{max-width:1150px !important;min-width:auto !important;}<\/style><div class=\"stk-row stk-inner-blocks stk-block-content stk-content-align stk-4956ffb-column alignwide\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-stackable-column stk-block-column stk-column stk-block stk-b106dce\" data-v=\"4\" data-block-id=\"b106dce\"><style>.stk-b106dce-inner-blocks{align-items:center !important;}<\/style><div class=\"stk-column-wrapper stk-block-column__content stk-container stk-b106dce-container stk--no-background stk--no-padding\"><div class=\"stk--column-flex stk-block-content stk-inner-blocks stk-b106dce-inner-blocks\">\n<iframe loading=\"lazy\" width=\"760\" height=\"415\" src=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed\/OWqi9LIbJqE?si=mC4HMFs6dNmc3-5P\" title=\"lecteur vid\u00e9o YouTube\" frameborder=\"0\" allow=\"accelerometer; autoplay; clipboard-write; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture; web-share\" referrerpolicy=\"strict-origin-when-cross-origin\" allowfullscreen><\/iframe>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div>\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-stackable-columns alignwide stk-block-columns stk--hide-desktop stk--hide-tablet stk-block stk-5b25e44\" data-block-id=\"5b25e44\"><style>.stk-5b25e44-column{max-width:1150px !important;min-width:auto !important;}<\/style><div class=\"stk-row stk-inner-blocks stk-block-content stk-content-align stk-5b25e44-column alignwide\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-stackable-column stk-block-column stk-column stk-block stk-9ef7b0a\" data-v=\"4\" data-block-id=\"9ef7b0a\"><div class=\"stk-column-wrapper stk-block-column__content stk-container stk-9ef7b0a-container stk--no-background stk--no-padding\"><div class=\"stk-block-content stk-inner-blocks stk-9ef7b0a-inner-blocks\">\n<iframe loading=\"lazy\" width=\"360\" height=\"315\" src=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed\/OWqi9LIbJqE?si=mC4HMFs6dNmc3-5P\" title=\"lecteur vid\u00e9o YouTube\" frameborder=\"0\" allow=\"accelerometer; autoplay; clipboard-write; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture; web-share\" referrerpolicy=\"strict-origin-when-cross-origin\" allowfullscreen><\/iframe>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div>\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-stackable-columns alignwide stk-block-columns stk-block stk-cb39e7a\" data-block-id=\"cb39e7a\"><style>.stk-cb39e7a-column{max-width:1150px !important;min-width:auto !important;}<\/style><div class=\"stk-row stk-inner-blocks stk-block-content stk-content-align stk-cb39e7a-column alignwide\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-stackable-column stk-block-column stk-column stk-block stk-36e0608\" data-v=\"4\" data-block-id=\"36e0608\"><div class=\"stk-column-wrapper stk-block-column__content stk-container stk-36e0608-container stk--no-background stk--no-padding\"><div class=\"stk-block-content stk-inner-blocks stk-36e0608-inner-blocks\">\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Selon la d\u00e9finition de Gartner datant d&#039;environ 2001 (et qui reste la d\u00e9finition standard)\u00a0: le Big Data d\u00e9signe des donn\u00e9es plus vari\u00e9es, pr\u00e9sent\u00e9es en volumes croissants et \u00e0 une vitesse plus \u00e9lev\u00e9e. C&#039;est ce qu&#039;on appelle les \u00ab\u00a0trois V\u00a0\u00bb\u00a0:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Volume\u00a0: La quantit\u00e9 de donn\u00e9es est cruciale. Avec le Big Data, il faut traiter d\u2019importants volumes de donn\u00e9es non structur\u00e9es et peu denses. Il peut s\u2019agir de donn\u00e9es de valeur inconnue ou de donn\u00e9es provenant d\u2019\u00e9quipements dot\u00e9s de capteurs. Dans certains cas, cela peut repr\u00e9senter des dizaines, voire des centaines de p\u00e9taoctets de donn\u00e9es.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Vitesse\u00a0: La vitesse correspond au d\u00e9bit de r\u00e9ception des donn\u00e9es et, \u00e9ventuellement, au d\u00e9bit d\u2019ex\u00e9cution des actions. Les d\u00e9bits les plus \u00e9lev\u00e9s impliquent g\u00e9n\u00e9ralement une transmission directe des donn\u00e9es en m\u00e9moire, plut\u00f4t qu\u2019un enregistrement sur disque. Certains produits intelligents connect\u00e9s \u00e0 Internet fonctionnent en temps r\u00e9el ou quasi r\u00e9el et n\u00e9cessitent une \u00e9valuation et une action en temps r\u00e9el.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Diversit\u00e9\u00a0: La diversit\u00e9 d\u00e9signe les diff\u00e9rents types de donn\u00e9es disponibles. Les donn\u00e9es classiques \u00e9taient structur\u00e9es et pouvaient \u00eatre clairement organis\u00e9es dans une base de donn\u00e9es relationnelle. Avec l\u2019essor du Big Data, les donn\u00e9es se pr\u00e9sentent d\u00e9sormais sous de nouveaux types non structur\u00e9s. Les donn\u00e9es non structur\u00e9es et semi-structur\u00e9es, telles que le texte, l\u2019audio ou la vid\u00e9o, n\u00e9cessitent un pr\u00e9traitement suppl\u00e9mentaire pour \u00eatre interpr\u00e9t\u00e9es et enrichies de m\u00e9tadonn\u00e9es.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.ibm.com\/blogs\/watson-health\/the-5-vs-of-big-data\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">IBM d\u00e9crit le Big Data en int\u00e9grant deux V suppl\u00e9mentaires<\/a>:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Variabilit\u00e9\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>La mani\u00e8re dont les donn\u00e9es sont collect\u00e9es peut varier selon le moment et le lieu, ce qui cr\u00e9e une certaine d\u00e9pendance au contexte de leur collecte. Cette variabilit\u00e9 implique que les donn\u00e9es ne peuvent \u00eatre interpr\u00e9t\u00e9es de mani\u00e8re pertinente que si le contexte est pris en compte. Les technologies qui composent une architecture Big Data doivent \u00eatre suffisamment flexibles pour s&#039;adapter aux \u00e9volutions des m\u00e9thodes d&#039;acquisition, de stockage et de traitement des donn\u00e9es.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Valeur\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>L&#039;objectif ultime du Big Data est d&#039;extraire de la valeur de toutes les informations stock\u00e9es gr\u00e2ce \u00e0 divers processus, de mani\u00e8re efficace et au moindre co\u00fbt. Il est crucial de garantir que les connaissances g\u00e9n\u00e9r\u00e9es reposent sur des donn\u00e9es exactes. Par cons\u00e9quent, un syst\u00e8me Big Data doit extraire cette valeur sous forme de nouvelles informations de la mani\u00e8re la plus optimale possible, en s&#039;adaptant \u00e0 tous les formats existants et futurs.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Depuis la Chaire, nous promouvrons la diffusion, la formation et la recherche dans&nbsp;<strong>Big Data<\/strong>&nbsp;aider les entit\u00e9s publiques et priv\u00e9es des \u00eeles Canaries \u00e0 apprendre et \u00e0 appliquer ces technologies afin qu&#039;elles puissent devenir plus efficaces.<\/p>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div>\n<\/div><\/div>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Qu\u2019est-ce que le Big Data\u00a0? Le Big Data est devenu un terme \u00e0 la mode. Les technologies du Big Data permettent de capturer, stocker, g\u00e9rer et analyser des donn\u00e9es massives (de par leur volume), complexes (de par leur vari\u00e9t\u00e9) et \u00e9voluant rapidement (de par leur vitesse de transfert et leur variabilit\u00e9).<\/p>","protected":false},"author":5,"featured_media":0,"parent":0,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"templates\/template-frontpage.php","meta":{"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-644","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.ull.es\/catedras\/catedrabob\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/644","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.ull.es\/catedras\/catedrabob\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.ull.es\/catedras\/catedrabob\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.ull.es\/catedras\/catedrabob\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/5"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.ull.es\/catedras\/catedrabob\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=644"}],"version-history":[{"count":68,"href":"https:\/\/www.ull.es\/catedras\/catedrabob\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/644\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":1999,"href":"https:\/\/www.ull.es\/catedras\/catedrabob\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/644\/revisions\/1999"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.ull.es\/catedras\/catedrabob\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=644"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}