{"id":646,"date":"2020-07-15T12:17:06","date_gmt":"2020-07-15T12:17:06","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.ull.es\/catedras\/catedrabob\/?page_id=646"},"modified":"2026-09-28T11:52:20","modified_gmt":"2026-09-28T11:52:20","slug":"que-es-open-data","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/www.ull.es\/catedras\/catedrabob\/fr\/que-es-open-data\/","title":{"rendered":"Qu\u2019est-ce que l\u2019Open Data\u00a0?"},"content":{"rendered":"<div class=\"wp-block-stackable-columns alignfull stk-block-columns stk--hide-desktop stk--hide-tablet stk-block stk-3830c97\" data-block-id=\"3830c97\"><style>.stk-3830c97 {margin-top:-30px !important;}<\/style><div class=\"stk-row stk-inner-blocks stk-block-content stk-content-align stk-3830c97-column alignfull\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-stackable-column stk-block-column stk-column stk-block stk-e083ab9\" data-v=\"4\" data-block-id=\"e083ab9\"><div class=\"stk-column-wrapper stk-block-column__content stk-container stk-e083ab9-container stk--no-background stk--no-padding\"><div class=\"stk-block-content stk-inner-blocks stk-e083ab9-inner-blocks\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-stackable-columns stk-block-columns stk-block stk-df7cb67\" data-block-id=\"df7cb67\"><div class=\"stk-row stk-inner-blocks stk-block-content stk-content-align stk-df7cb67-column\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-stackable-column stk-block-column stk-column stk-block stk-ac6a7be\" data-v=\"4\" data-block-id=\"ac6a7be\"><div class=\"stk-column-wrapper stk-block-column__content stk-container stk-ac6a7be-container stk--no-background stk--no-padding\"><div class=\"stk-block-content stk-inner-blocks stk-ac6a7be-inner-blocks\"><\/div><\/div><\/div>\n<\/div><\/div>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div>\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-stackable-columns alignfull stk-block-columns stk-block stk-729d260 stk-block-background stk--has-background-overlay\" data-block-id=\"729d260\"><style>.stk-729d260 {background-color:linear-gradient(135deg,rgb(161,9,157) 0%,rgb(63,37,132) 100%) !important;padding-top:10px !important;padding-bottom:10px !important;margin-bottom:0px !important;}.stk-729d260:before{background-image:linear-gradient(135deg,rgb(161,9,157) 0%,rgb(63,37,132) 100%) !important;}<\/style><div class=\"stk-row stk-inner-blocks stk-block-content stk-content-align stk-729d260-column alignfull\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-stackable-column stk-block-column stk-column stk-block stk-2d7a48d\" data-v=\"4\" data-block-id=\"2d7a48d\"><div class=\"stk-column-wrapper stk-block-column__content stk-container stk-2d7a48d-container stk--no-background stk--no-padding\"><div class=\"stk-block-content stk-inner-blocks stk-2d7a48d-inner-blocks\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-stackable-columns alignwide stk-block-columns stk-block stk-16fdf11\" data-block-id=\"16fdf11\"><style>.stk-16fdf11 .stk--block-align-16fdf11{align-items:center !important;}.stk-16fdf11 {margin-bottom:4px !important;}.stk-16fdf11-column{max-width:1150px !important;min-width:auto !important;}<\/style><div class=\"stk-row stk-inner-blocks stk--block-align-16fdf11 stk-block-content stk-content-align stk-16fdf11-column alignwide\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-stackable-column stk-block-column stk-column stk-block stk-d7f545b\" data-v=\"4\" data-block-id=\"d7f545b\"><div class=\"stk-column-wrapper stk-block-column__content stk-container stk-d7f545b-container stk--no-background stk--no-padding\"><div class=\"stk-block-content stk-inner-blocks stk-d7f545b-inner-blocks\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-stackable-heading stk-block-heading stk-block-heading--v2 stk-block stk-26fdc6e\" id=\"strong-que-es-open-data-strong\" data-block-id=\"26fdc6e\"><style>.stk-26fdc6e .stk-block-heading__text{color:#fffffe !important;}<\/style><h1 class=\"stk-block-heading__text has-text-color\"><strong>Qu\u2019est-ce que l\u2019Open Data\u00a0?<\/strong><\/h1><\/div>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div>\n<\/div><\/div>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div>\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-stackable-columns alignfull stk-block-columns stk-block stk-cc759a5 stk-block-background stk--has-background-overlay\" data-block-id=\"cc759a5\"><style>.stk-cc759a5 {background-image:url(https:\/\/www.ull.es\/catedras\/catedrabob\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/6\/2020\/07\/bob99.jpg) !important;padding-top:10px !important;padding-bottom:10px !important;}<\/style><div class=\"stk-row stk-inner-blocks stk-block-content stk-content-align stk-cc759a5-column alignfull\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-stackable-column stk-block-column stk-column stk-block stk-7580fd6\" data-v=\"4\" data-block-id=\"7580fd6\"><div class=\"stk-column-wrapper stk-block-column__content stk-container stk-7580fd6-container stk--no-background stk--no-padding\"><div class=\"stk-block-content stk-inner-blocks stk-7580fd6-inner-blocks\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-stackable-columns aligncenter stk-block-columns stk-block stk-cb6ebd4\" data-block-id=\"cb6ebd4\"><style>.stk-cb6ebd4 .stk--block-align-cb6ebd4{align-items:center !important;}.stk-cb6ebd4 {padding-top:25px !important;margin-bottom:4rem !important;margin-left:38rem !important;}.stk-cb6ebd4-column{max-width:1150px !important;min-width:auto !important;}<\/style><div class=\"stk-row stk-inner-blocks stk--block-align-cb6ebd4 stk-block-content stk-content-align stk-cb6ebd4-column\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-stackable-column stk-block-column stk-column stk-block stk-f4e7c61\" data-v=\"4\" data-block-id=\"f4e7c61\"><style>.stk-f4e7c61 {border-color:#fffffe !important;border-top-width:10px !important;border-right-width:0px !important;border-bottom-width:0px !important;border-left-width:0px !important;}<\/style><div class=\"stk-column-wrapper stk-block-column__content stk-container stk-f4e7c61-container stk--no-background stk--no-padding\"><div class=\"stk-block-content stk-inner-blocks stk-f4e7c61-inner-blocks\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-stackable-spacer stk-block-spacer stk--no-padding stk-block stk-55074ab\" data-block-id=\"55074ab\"><style>.stk-55074ab {height:250px !important;}<\/style><\/div>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div>\n<\/div><\/div>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div>\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-stackable-columns alignwide stk-block-columns stk-block stk-2bee139\" data-block-id=\"2bee139\"><style>.stk-2bee139-column{max-width:1150px !important;min-width:auto !important;}<\/style><div class=\"stk-row stk-inner-blocks stk-block-content stk-content-align stk-2bee139-column alignwide\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-stackable-column stk-block-column stk-column stk-block stk-86a2028\" data-v=\"4\" data-block-id=\"86a2028\"><div class=\"stk-column-wrapper stk-block-column__content stk-container stk-86a2028-container stk--no-background stk--no-padding\"><div class=\"stk-block-content stk-inner-blocks stk-86a2028-inner-blocks\">\n<nav class=\"ull-breadcrumbs\" role=\"navigation\" aria-label=\"chapelure\"><ul><li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.ull.es\/catedras\/catedrabob\/fr\/catedras\/\" title=\"Universit\u00e9 de La Laguna\" style=\"font-size: 19px !important; text-indent:0px !important; background: transparent !important; display:block !important;\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><i class=\"fa fa-home\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/i><\/a><\/li><li class=\"current\"><span>Qu\u2019est-ce que l\u2019Open Data\u00a0?<\/span><\/li><\/ul><\/nav>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-stackable-spacer stk-block-spacer stk--no-padding stk-block stk-ed0ca93\" data-block-id=\"ed0ca93\"><style>.stk-ed0ca93 {height:25px !important;}<\/style><\/div>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Il&nbsp;<strong>Donn\u00e9es ouvertes<\/strong>&nbsp;L&#039;id\u00e9e est que certaines donn\u00e9es devraient \u00eatre librement accessibles \u00e0 tous, sans restriction de droits d&#039;auteur, de brevets ou autres. Les donn\u00e9es ouvertes sont devenues un \u00e9l\u00e9ment essentiel du monde num\u00e9rique, car elles favorisent la transparence, la responsabilit\u00e9 et la participation citoyenne.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Cette technologie aide les gouvernements et autres organisations \u00e0 gagner en transparence et \u00e0 rendre des comptes au public. En rendant les donn\u00e9es librement accessibles, les citoyens peuvent observer le fonctionnement de leurs gouvernements et les tenir responsables de leurs d\u00e9cisions. L&#039;ouverture des donn\u00e9es permet \u00e9galement aux citoyens de participer au processus d\u00e9cisionnel. Par exemple, les donn\u00e9es d&#039;un sondage public peuvent \u00e9clairer les d\u00e9cisions politiques, et les citoyens peuvent participer activement \u00e0 ce processus en donnant leur avis sur ces donn\u00e9es.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Pour mieux comprendre comment ces donn\u00e9es peuvent \u00eatre class\u00e9es, on peut envisager une classification bas\u00e9e sur leur format, car la complexit\u00e9 de leur manipulation d\u00e9pend de ce dernier. Ci-dessous figure une classification propos\u00e9e par l&#039;Office des donn\u00e9es du gouvernement espagnol, constamment mise \u00e0 jour en raison de l&#039;expansion continue du volume de donn\u00e9es.<\/p>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div>\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-stackable-columns alignwide stk-block-columns stk--hide-mobile stk-block stk-d988ad3\" data-block-id=\"d988ad3\"><style>.stk-d988ad3-column{max-width:1150px !important;min-width:auto !important;justify-content:center !important;}<\/style><div class=\"stk-row stk-inner-blocks stk-block-content stk-content-align stk-d988ad3-column stk--flex alignwide\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-stackable-column stk-block-column stk-column stk-block stk-c156fd0\" data-v=\"4\" data-block-id=\"c156fd0\"><div class=\"stk-column-wrapper stk-block-column__content stk-container stk-c156fd0-container stk--no-background stk--no-padding\"><div class=\"stk-block-content stk-inner-blocks stk-c156fd0-inner-blocks\">\n<iframe loading=\"lazy\" width=\"760\" height=\"415\" src=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed\/Jaf8Qj7-Yis?si=29rfkgNB4Tjj7OAW\" title=\"lecteur vid\u00e9o YouTube\" frameborder=\"0\" allow=\"accelerometer; autoplay; clipboard-write; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture; web-share\" referrerpolicy=\"strict-origin-when-cross-origin\" allowfullscreen><\/iframe>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div>\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-stackable-columns alignwide stk-block-columns stk--hide-desktop stk--hide-tablet stk-block stk-532413b\" data-block-id=\"532413b\"><style>.stk-532413b-column{max-width:1150px !important;min-width:auto !important;}<\/style><div class=\"stk-row stk-inner-blocks stk-block-content stk-content-align stk-532413b-column alignwide\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-stackable-column stk-block-column stk-column stk-block stk-14f921e\" data-v=\"4\" data-block-id=\"14f921e\"><div class=\"stk-column-wrapper stk-block-column__content stk-container stk-14f921e-container stk--no-background stk--no-padding\"><div class=\"stk-block-content stk-inner-blocks stk-14f921e-inner-blocks\">\n<iframe loading=\"lazy\" width=\"360\" height=\"415\" src=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed\/Jaf8Qj7-Yis?si=29rfkgNB4Tjj7OAW\" title=\"lecteur vid\u00e9o YouTube\" frameborder=\"0\" allow=\"accelerometer; autoplay; clipboard-write; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture; web-share\" referrerpolicy=\"strict-origin-when-cross-origin\" allowfullscreen><\/iframe>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div>\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-stackable-columns alignwide stk-block-columns stk-block stk-b199d83\" data-block-id=\"b199d83\"><style>.stk-b199d83-column{max-width:1150px !important;min-width:auto !important;}<\/style><div class=\"stk-row stk-inner-blocks stk-block-content stk-content-align stk-b199d83-column alignwide\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-stackable-column stk-block-column stk-column stk-block stk-d6dca6d\" data-v=\"4\" data-block-id=\"d6dca6d\"><div class=\"stk-column-wrapper stk-block-column__content stk-container stk-d6dca6d-container stk--no-background stk--no-padding\"><div class=\"stk-block-content stk-inner-blocks stk-d6dca6d-inner-blocks\">\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">La soci\u00e9t\u00e9 PiperLab a d\u00e9velopp\u00e9 exclusivement avec&nbsp;<em>Donn\u00e9es ouvertes<\/em>&nbsp;Un projet de logistique urbaine s&#039;attaque \u00e0 la croissance exponentielle du commerce en ligne ces derni\u00e8res ann\u00e9es, qui a engendr\u00e9 une augmentation du trafic g\u00e9n\u00e9r\u00e9 par ces entreprises lors des livraisons. La solution propos\u00e9e consiste \u00e0 cr\u00e9er des entrep\u00f4ts plus petits dans les villes o\u00f9 cela est n\u00e9cessaire, d&#039;o\u00f9 les commandes pourraient ensuite \u00eatre livr\u00e9es \u00e0 domicile de mani\u00e8re plus \u00e9cologique. Dans ce cas pr\u00e9cis, des donn\u00e9es ouvertes ont \u00e9t\u00e9 utilis\u00e9es pour d\u00e9terminer les emplacements optimaux de ces entrep\u00f4ts.<\/p>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div>\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-stackable-columns alignwide stk-block-columns stk--hide-mobile stk-block stk-85a197a\" data-block-id=\"85a197a\"><style>.stk-85a197a-column{max-width:1150px !important;min-width:auto !important;justify-content:center !important;}<\/style><div class=\"stk-row stk-inner-blocks stk-block-content stk-content-align stk-85a197a-column stk--flex alignwide\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-stackable-column stk-block-column stk-column stk-block stk-02b998c\" data-v=\"4\" data-block-id=\"02b998c\"><div class=\"stk-column-wrapper stk-block-column__content stk-container stk-02b998c-container stk--no-background stk--no-padding\"><div class=\"stk-block-content stk-inner-blocks stk-02b998c-inner-blocks\">\n<iframe loading=\"lazy\" width=\"760\" height=\"415\" src=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed\/qdb3ECv3sEk?si=vY9ZKU85cSpg9NKF\" title=\"lecteur vid\u00e9o YouTube\" frameborder=\"0\" allow=\"accelerometer; autoplay; clipboard-write; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture; web-share\" referrerpolicy=\"strict-origin-when-cross-origin\" allowfullscreen><\/iframe>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div>\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-stackable-columns alignwide stk-block-columns stk--hide-desktop stk--hide-tablet stk-block stk-fbafae2\" data-block-id=\"fbafae2\"><style>.stk-fbafae2-column{max-width:1150px !important;min-width:auto !important;}<\/style><div class=\"stk-row stk-inner-blocks stk-block-content stk-content-align stk-fbafae2-column alignwide\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-stackable-column stk-block-column stk-column stk-block stk-db69c06\" data-v=\"4\" data-block-id=\"db69c06\"><div class=\"stk-column-wrapper stk-block-column__content stk-container stk-db69c06-container stk--no-background stk--no-padding\"><div class=\"stk-block-content stk-inner-blocks stk-db69c06-inner-blocks\">\n<iframe loading=\"lazy\" width=\"360\" height=\"315\" src=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed\/qdb3ECv3sEk?si=vY9ZKU85cSpg9NKF\" title=\"lecteur vid\u00e9o YouTube\" frameborder=\"0\" allow=\"accelerometer; autoplay; clipboard-write; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture; web-share\" referrerpolicy=\"strict-origin-when-cross-origin\" allowfullscreen><\/iframe>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div>\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-stackable-columns alignwide stk-block-columns stk-block stk-cc3fef2\" data-block-id=\"cc3fef2\"><style>.stk-cc3fef2-column{max-width:1150px !important;min-width:auto !important;}<\/style><div class=\"stk-row stk-inner-blocks stk-block-content stk-content-align stk-cc3fef2-column alignwide\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-stackable-column stk-block-column stk-column stk-block stk-cfc3a58\" data-v=\"4\" data-block-id=\"cfc3a58\"><div class=\"stk-column-wrapper stk-block-column__content stk-container stk-cfc3a58-container stk--no-background stk--no-padding\"><div class=\"stk-block-content stk-inner-blocks stk-cfc3a58-inner-blocks\">\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Les donn\u00e9es ouvertes peuvent \u00e9galement servir \u00e0 cr\u00e9er de nouveaux produits et services, ainsi qu&#039;\u00e0 promouvoir l&#039;innovation et la cr\u00e9ativit\u00e9. Par exemple, elles peuvent \u00eatre utilis\u00e9es pour d\u00e9velopper des applications et des logiciels qui contribuent \u00e0 am\u00e9liorer les services publics et \u00e0 accro\u00eetre la participation citoyenne. Elles peuvent aussi \u00eatre mises \u00e0 profit pour concevoir des campagnes sur les r\u00e9seaux sociaux et d&#039;autres initiatives de communication visant \u00e0 impliquer davantage les citoyens dans le processus d\u00e9cisionnel.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">En bref, le&nbsp;<strong>Donn\u00e9es ouvertes<\/strong>&nbsp;Les donn\u00e9es ouvertes constituent un \u00e9l\u00e9ment essentiel du monde num\u00e9rique et peuvent favoriser la transparence, la responsabilit\u00e9, la participation citoyenne, l&#039;innovation et la cr\u00e9ativit\u00e9. En rendant les donn\u00e9es librement accessibles, les citoyens peuvent mieux comprendre leurs gouvernements et participer au processus d\u00e9cisionnel. Les donn\u00e9es ouvertes ont le potentiel d&#039;am\u00e9liorer l&#039;efficacit\u00e9 des gouvernements et autres organisations, et peuvent \u00e9galement mener \u00e0 de nouveaux produits et services. \u00c0 mesure que les gouvernements et autres organisations adoptent les donn\u00e9es ouvertes, le potentiel d&#039;une soci\u00e9t\u00e9 plus ouverte et transparente ne cessera de cro\u00eetre.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Nous soulignons \u00e9galement l&#039;initiative&nbsp;<strong>Science des donn\u00e9es ouvertes<\/strong>&nbsp;dont l&#039;objectif principal est que les donn\u00e9es et les outils obtenus pour la recherche soient librement publi\u00e9s afin qu&#039;ils puissent \u00eatre r\u00e9utilis\u00e9s par toute personne ou organisation.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Depuis la Chaire, nous encourageons la recherche, la formation et la diffusion des connaissances relatives aux donn\u00e9es ouvertes. Dans les ann\u00e9es \u00e0 venir, la r\u00e9utilisation des donn\u00e9es ouvertes conna\u00eetra une forte croissance, et nous le constaterons dans diff\u00e9rents secteurs de notre environnement.<\/p>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div>\n<\/div><\/div>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Qu\u2019est-ce que l\u2019Open Data\u00a0? L\u2019Open Data repose sur le principe que certaines donn\u00e9es devraient \u00eatre librement accessibles \u00e0 tous, sans restriction li\u00e9e au droit d\u2019auteur, aux brevets ou \u00e0 d\u2019autres formes de contr\u00f4le. L\u2019Open Data est devenu un \u00e9l\u00e9ment essentiel du monde num\u00e9rique, car il contribue \u00e0\u2026<\/p>","protected":false},"author":5,"featured_media":0,"parent":0,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"templates\/template-frontpage.php","meta":{"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-646","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.ull.es\/catedras\/catedrabob\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/646","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.ull.es\/catedras\/catedrabob\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.ull.es\/catedras\/catedrabob\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.ull.es\/catedras\/catedrabob\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/5"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.ull.es\/catedras\/catedrabob\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=646"}],"version-history":[{"count":18,"href":"https:\/\/www.ull.es\/catedras\/catedrabob\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/646\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":2000,"href":"https:\/\/www.ull.es\/catedras\/catedrabob\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/646\/revisions\/2000"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.ull.es\/catedras\/catedrabob\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=646"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}