The Metaphors for the Coronavirus Disease in the Speeches of Emmanuel Macron and Pedro Sánchez

Authors

  • Isabel Negro Alousque Universidad Complutense de Madrid

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.25145/j.cedille.2021.19.24

Keywords:

cognitive studies, political discourse

Abstract

In the last decades metaphor in specialized discourse has been vastly researched. Following a cognitive approach to metaphor, the present article seeks to analyze the conceptualization of COVID-19 disease in the speeches made by Emmanuel Macron, the French president, and Pedro Sánchez, the Spanish prime minister, between March and June 2020. The analysis reveals a network of conceptual metaphors which describe the virus as an animate being or a natural disaster, and action to stop its spread as a war. This metaphorical network has a threefold purpose : (1) to highlight the devastating effects of COVID-19 ; (2) to instil courage and hope ; and (3) to make appeals for union in order to contain the pandemic.

References

ALDUY, Cécile (2020) : « Métaphore de Macron sur la guerre : «Cela exonère le pouvoir de ses responsabilités», interviewée par Laure Bretton. Libération, 30 mars. URL: https://www.liberation.fr/politiques/2020/03/30/metaphore-de-macron-sur-la-guerre-cela-exonere-le-pouvoir-de-ses-responsabilites_1783567

BEER, Francis A. & Christil DE LANDTSHEER [éds] (2004) : Metaphorical World Politics. East Lansing, Michigan State University Press.

BRAUMAN, Rony (2018) : Guerres humanitaires ? Mensonges et intox. Paris, Textuel. URL: https://www.mjcroguet.fr/wp-content/uploads/sites/106/2020/04/rony-brauman_01.pdf

CHARTERIS-BLACK, Jonathan (2004) : Corpus Approaches to Critical Metaphor Analysis. Basingstoke, Palgrave Macmillan.

CHARTERIS-BLACK, Jonathan (2005) : Politicians and Rhetoric: The Persuasive Power of Metaphor. Basingstoke, Palgrave Macmillan.

CHARTERIS-BLACK, Jonathan (2009) : «Metaphor and political communication », in Andreas Musolff & Jörg Zinken (éds), Metaphor and Discourse. New York, Pal-grave, 97-115.

CHARTERIS-BLACK, Jonathan (2012) : «Forensic deliberations on purposeful metaphor». Me¬taphor and the Social World, 2: 1, 1-21.

CHARTERIS-BLACK, Jonathan (2014) : Analysing Political Speeches. Basingstoke, Palgrave Macmillan.

CHILTON, Paul (1996) : Security Metaphors: Cold War Discourse from Containment to Common European Home. Berne/New York, Peter Lang.

CHILTON, Paul & Mikhail V. ILYN (1993) : « Metaphor in political discourse: The case of the Common European House ». Discourse and Society, 4: 1, 7-31.

CHILTON, Paul & Christina SCHÄFFNER [éds] (2002) : Politics as Text and Talk: Analytic Approaches to Political Discourse. Amsterdam, John Benjamins.

CUENCA, Mª. José (2020) : « ¿Cómo es el coronavirus? Metáforas y símiles para una pan-demia ». El Norte de Castilla, 26 avril. URL: https://www.elnortedecastilla.es/sociedad/salud/coronavirus-metaforas-similes-.0200426112054-ntrc.html

DE LANDSTHEER, Christil (2009) : « Collecting political meaning from the count of metaphor », in Andreas Musolff & Jörg Zinken (éds), Metaphor and Discourse. New York, Palgrave, 59-78.

DE LANDTSHEER, Christil & Ofer FELDMAN (2000) : Beyond Public Speech and Symbols. Explorations in the Rhetoric of Politicians and the Media. Westport, Praeger.

DE LANDTSHEER, Christil & Elisabeth KOCH (2005) : « Metaphors and the framing of the European single currency (Euro) in and out of “Euro land” », in R.F. Farnen et al. (éds), Democratization, Europeanization and Globalization Trends. Cross-national Analysis of Authoritarianism, Socialisation, Communication, Youth and So-cial Policy. Frankfurt, Peter Lang, 429-446.

FELDMAN, Ofer & Christil DE LANDTSHEER (1998) : Politically Speaking: A Worldwide Examination of Language Used in the Public Sphere. Westport, Praeger.

GRABER, Doris (1993) : « Political communication: Scope, progress, promise », in Ada W. Finifter (éd.), Political Science: The State of the Discipline, vol. II. Washington DC, American Political Science Association, 305-332.

JOHNSON, Mark (1987) : The Body in the Mind: The Bodily Basis of Meaning, Imagina-tion, and Reason. Chicago, University of Chicago Press.

KRESS, Gunther & Robert HODGE (1993) : Language as Ideology. London, Routledge.

KATZ, Albert (1996) : « On interpreting statements as metaphor or irony: Contextual heuristics and cognitive consequences », in Jeffery S. Mio & Albert Katz (éds), Metaphor: Implications and Applications. Mahwah, Erlbaum, 1-22.

KÖVECSES, Zoltán (2002) : Metaphor: A practical introduction. Oxford, Oxford University Press.

LAKOFF, George (1987) : Women, Fire and Dangerous Things: What Categories Reveal about the Mind. Chicago, University of Chicago Press.

LAKOFF, George (1989) : « Philosophical speculation and cognitive science ». Philosophi-cal Psychology, 2: 1, 55-76.

LAKOFF, George (2006) : « The Contemporary Theory of Metaphor », in Dirk Geeraerts (éd), Cognitive Linguistics: Basic Readings. Berlin/New York, Mouton de Gruyter, 185-238.

LAKOFF, George & Mark JOHNSON (1980) : Metaphors We Live By. Chicago, Chicago University Press.

LAKOFF, George & Mark JOHNSON (1999) : Philosophy in the Flesh: The Embodied Mind and its Challenge to Western Thought. New York, Basic Books.

LAKOFF, George. & Mark TURNER (1989) : More than Cool Reason: A Field Guide to Poet-ic Metaphor. Chicago, University of Chicago Press.

MUSOLFF, Andreas (1998) : « Metaphors and trains of thought: Spotting journey image-ry in British and German political discourse », in Sue Wright, Linda Hanrais and Jolyon Howorth (éds), Language, Politics, and Society. Clevedon, Multilingual Matters, 100-109.

MUSOLFF, Andreas (2000) : « Political imagery of Europe: A house without exit doors? ». Journal of Multilingual and Multicultural Development, 21: 3, 216-229.

MUSOLFF, Andreas (2004) : Metaphor and Political Discourse. Analogic Reasoning in De-bates about Europe. New York, Palgrave.

REAL ACADEMIA ESPAÑOLA (en ligne) : Diccionario de la lengua española. URL : https://dle.rae.es

SEMINO, Elena & Michela MASCI (1996) : « Politics is football Metaphor in the discour-se of Silvio Berlusconi in Italy ». Discourse and Society, 7: 2, 243-269.

SHARIFIAN, Farzad & Maryam JAMARANI (2013) : « Cultural conceptualisations and translating political discourse », in Ana Rojo & Iraide Ibarretxe-Antuñano (éds), Cognitive Linguistics and Translation. Berlin/New York, Mouton de Gruyter, 339-372.

SOCIÉTÉ D’ÉDITIONS LAROUSSE (2021) : Dictionnaire Larousse de français. URL : https://www.larousse.fr/dictionnaires/francais-monolingue.

STEEN, Gerard J., et al. (2010) : A Method for Linguistic Metaphor Identification: From MIP to MIPVU. Amsterdam, John Benjamins.

STRAEHLE, Carolyn, et al. (1999) : « Struggle as metaphor in European Union discourses on unemployment ». Discourse and Society, 10: 1, 67-99.

THOMPSON, Seth (1996) : « Politics without metaphor is like a fish without water », in Jeffery S. Mio and Albert Katz (éds), Metaphor: Implications and Applications. Mahwah, Erlbaum, 185-201.

VAN DIJK, Teun A. (2006) : « Politics, ideology, and discourse », in Keith BROWN (éd), Encyclopedia of Language and Linguistics. Oxford, Elsevier, 728-740.

VOYER-LÉGER, Catherine (2020) : « Des métaphores pour mieux comprendre le corona-virus ». C’est fou, Ici Radio Canada, 30 mars. URL : https://ici.radio-canada.ca/premiere/emissions/c-est-fou/segments/chronique/161980/metaphores-coronavirus-covid-19-catherine-voyer-leger

WODAK, Ruth (éd) (1989) : Language, Power, and Ideology. Amsterdam, John Benjamins.

Downloads

Published

2021-05-11

Issue

Section

Varia

How to Cite

Negro Alousque, Isabel. 2021. “The Metaphors for the Coronavirus Disease in the Speeches of Emmanuel Macron and Pedro Sánchez”. Çédille, Journal of French Studies, no. 19 (May): 595-613. https://doi.org/10.25145/j.cedille.2021.19.24.