Gender mainstreaming as institutional innovation? Gender budgeting, velvet triangles, and (good) practices
Keywords:
gender mainstreaming, gender budgeting, velvet triangle, innovationAbstract
This article is concerned with the understanding of gender mainstreaming as an institutional innovation, examining the case of gender budgeting. It begins, in section one, by identifying themes in existing gender mainstreaming literature, and then in section two considering the potential of gender budgeting to tackle institutional innovation in Australia and Great Britain. Underlying both sections are questions about the subjects involved in the implementation of gender mainstreaming strategies. In order to answer to those questions, the last section deals with the concept of velvet triangle as analytic lens to understand how strategic alliances among actors might result in gender sensitive public policy.
Downloads
References
Bacchi, C. and J. Eveline, «Gender mainstreaming or diversity mainstreaming: The politics of doing». NORA: Nordic Journal of Feminist and Gender Research, vol. 17.1 (2009), pp. 3-18.
Banaszak, L.A., The Women’s Movement inside and outside the State. Cambridge, New York: Cambridge University Press, 2010.
Benschop, Y. & M. Verloo, «‘Sisyphus’ sisters: Can gender mainstreaming escape the genderedness of organizations?» Journal of Gender Studies, vol. 15.1 (2006), pp. 19–33.
Beveridge, F., S. Nott& K. StepheN, «Mainstreaming and the engendering of policy-making: A means to an end?» Journal of European Public Policy, vol. 7.3 (2000), pp. 385– 405.
Booth, C. & C. Bennett,«Gender mainstreaming in the European Union». European Journal of Women’s Studies, vol. 9.4 (2002), pp. 430– 446.
BudleNder, d., d. elSoN, G. hewitt & t. Mukhopadhyay, Gender Budgets Make Cents: Understanding Gender Responsive Budgets. London: Commonwealth Secretariat, 2002.
Charlesworth, H., «Not waving but drowning: Gender mainstreaming and Human Rights in The United Nations», http://www.law.harvard.edu/students/orgs/hjr/iss18/charlesworth.shtml, 2006.
Council of Europe, Gender Mainstreaming. Conceptual Framework, Methodology and Presentation of Good Practices. Final Report of Activities of the Group of Specialists on Mainstreaming [EG-S-MS(98)2], Strasbourg, 1998.
Daly, M., «Gender mainstreaming in theory and practice». Social Politics: International studies in Gender, State & Society, vol. 12.3 (2005), pp. 433-450.
Eisenstein, Z., Inside Agitators. Australian Femocrats and the State. St. Leonard: Allen e Unwin, 1996.European Commission,A Guide to Gender Impact Assessment, Doc. EQOP 42-97en, DGV/D/5, 8th October, 1997.
Ferree, M.M., “The Frame-Work of Gender Politics: Race, Class and Gender Discourses in the Context of European Integration”. Paper presented to ESRC Gender Mainstreaming Seminar, Leeds, 2004.
Haalsa, B., «A Strategic partnership for women’s policies in Norway», in G. Nijeholt, V. Vargas & S. Wieringa (eds.), Women’s Movements and Public Policy in Europe, Latin America, and the Caribbean, New York: Garland, 1998, pp. 167-189.
Haas, P.M., «Introduction. Epistemic communities and international policy coordination». International Organization, vol. 46.1 (1992), pp. 1-35.
Hafner-Burton, E. & M. Pollack, «Mainstreaming gender in the European Union». Journal of European Public Policy, vol. 7.3 (2000), pp. 432-56.
Hankivsky, O., «Gender vs. diversity mainstreaming: A preliminary examination of the role and transformative potential of feminist theory». Canadian Journal of Political Science, vol. 38.4 (2005), pp. 977–1001.
Hernes, H.M., Welfare State and Women Power. Essays in State Feminism. Oslo: Norwegian University Press, 1987.Holli, A.M., «Feminist triangles: A conceptual analysis». Representation, vol. 44.2 (2008), pp. 169?185.
Hoskyns, C., Integrating Gender: Women, Law and Politics in the European Union. London: Verso, 1996.
Inhetveen K., «Can gender equality be institutionalized?» International Sociology, vol. 14.4 (1999), pp. 403–422.
Jahan, R., The Elusive Agenda: Mainstreaming Women in Development. London: Zed Books, 1995.
Katzenstein, M.F., «Stepsisters: Feminist movement activism in different institutional spaces», in D.S. Meyer & S. Tarrow (eds.), The Social Movement Society, Maryland: Rowman and Littlefield, 1998.
Lombardo, E., «Integrating or setting the agenda? Gender mainstreaming in the European consti-tution-making process». Social Politics, vol. 12.3 (2005), pp. 412-432.
—— & P. Meier, «Gender mainstreaming in the EU: Incorporating a feminist reading?» European Journal of Women’s Studies, vol. 13.2 (2006), pp. 151-166.
Mazey, S., «Gender mainstreaming strategies in the EU: Delivering an agenda?» Feminist Legal Studies, vol. 10 (2002), pp. 227-240.
Mazur, A.G., Theorizing Feminist Policy. London: Oxford University Press, 2002.
McBride-Stetson, D. & A. Mazur (eds.), Comparative State Feminism. Thousand Oaks: Sage, 1995.
Mósessdóttir, L. & R. Erlingsdóttir, «Spreading the word across Europe. Gender Mainstreaming as a political and policy project». International Feminist Journal of Politics, vol. 7.4 (2005), pp. 513-531.
Rankin, L.P. & J. Vick ers,Women’s Movements and State Feminism: Integrating Diversity into Public Policy. Status of Women Canada, 2001.
Razavi, S. & C. Miller, From Wid to Gad: Conceptual Shifts in the Women and Development Discourse.Geneva: United Nations Research Institute for Social Development, 1995.
Rees, T., Mainstreaming Equality in the European Union: Education, Training, and Labor Market Policies. New York: Routledge, 1998.
——, «Reflections on the uneven development of gender mainstreaming». International Feminist Journal of Politics,vol. 7.4 (2005), pp. 555-574.
Riley, J., «Some reflections on gender mainstreaming and intersectionality». Development Bulletin, vol. 64 (2004), pp. 82-86.
Rubery, J., «Gender mainstreaming and gender equality in the EU: The impact of the EU employment strategy». Industrial Relations Journal, vol. 33.5 (2002), pp. 500-522.
Rubin M.M. & J.R. Bartle, «Integrating gender into government budgets: A new perspective». Public Administration Review, vol. 65.3 (2005), pp. 259-272.
Sawer, M., Sisters in Suits: Women and Public Policy in Australia. Sydney: Allen & Unwin, 1990.
Sharp, R., «Women’s budget», in J. Peterson & M. Lewis (eds.), The Elgar Companion to Feminist Economics.New York: Edward Elgar, 1999.
——, Budgeting for Equity: Gender Budget Initiatives within a Framework of Performance-Oriented Budgeting. New York: UNIFEM, 2003.
Shaw, J., «The European Union and gender mainstreaming: Constitutionally embedded or compre-hensively marginalised?» Feminist Legal Studies, vol. 10 (2002), pp.213–226.
Squires, J., Gender in Political Theory. Cambridge: Polity Press, 1999.
——«Is mainstreaming transformative? Theorizing mainstreaming in the context of diversity and deliberation». Social Politics, vol.12.3 (2005), pp. 366-388.
——, The New Politics of Gender Equality. London: Palgrave Macmillan, 2007.
St. Hill, D., «The United Kingdom: A focus on taxes and benefits», in D. Budlender & G. Hewitt (eds.), Gender Budgets Make More Cents: Country studies and good practice, London: Commonwealth Secretariat, 2002.
Staudt, K., «Gender mainstreaming: conceptual links to institutional machineries», in Sh. Rai (ed.), Mainstreaming Gender, Democratizing the State? Institutional Mechanism for the Advancement of Women, Manchester: Manchester University Press, 2003.
Summers, A., «Mandarins or missionaries: Women in the federal bureaucracy», in N. Grieve & A. Burns (eds.), Australian Women: New Feminist Perspectives, Melbourne: Oxford University Press, 1986.
Tarrow, S., Power in Movement: Social Movements, Collective Action and Politics. New York: Cam-bridge University Press, 1998.
Verloo, M., Another Velvet Revolution? Gender Mainstreaming and the Politics of Implementation. IWM Working Paper No. 5, Vienna, 2001.
——, «Displacement and empowerment: reflections on the concept and practice of the Council of Europe approach to gender mainstreaming and gender equity». Social Politics: International Studies in Gender, State and Society, vol. 12.3 (2005), pp. 344–65.
——, «Multiple inequalities, intersectionality and the European Union». European Journal of Women’s Studies, vol. 13.3 (2006), pp. 211-28.
Walby, S., «The European Union and gender equality: Emergent varieties of gender regimes». Social Politics, vol. 11.1 (2004), pp. 4-29.
——, «Gender mainstreaming: Productive tensions in theory and practice». Social Politics, vol.12.3 (2005), pp. 321-343.
Woodward, A., «Gender mainstreaming in European Policy: Innovation or deception?» Discus-sion paper FS 01-103, 2001.
——,«Building velvet triangles: Gender and informal governance», in T. Christiansen & S. Piattoni (eds.), Informal Governance in the European Union, Cheltenham: Edward Elgar, 2004.
Downloads
Published
Issue
Section
License
Articles are the property of their respective authors, who freely grant the journal the right of first publication.
