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The origin of this proposal stems from the research project "Alternatives to Dewaxing in Ceramic Shell Casting: Microwave Technique," HAR2010-17570, funded by the National R&D&I Plan. This funding enabled the development of the first microwave oven prototype and the first patent, ES2519990 A1 (November 7, 2014). This patent encompasses the design and manufacture of a specific microwave oven and a process that improves the casting of ceramic shell molds for artwork, jewelry, design pieces, and small- to medium-sized objects, while also saving energy, time, and costs. It is an alternative dewaxing system for ceramic shell molds, based on the use of microwave-sensitive susceptors with a high molecular composition that exhibit a magnetocaloric reaction to the radiation produced by a conventional microwave source. Once the previous project was completed, it was necessary to optimize the implemented prototype based on the experimental results obtained, while simultaneously establishing the procedure that would ultimately define this new dewaxing technique for metal casting. As mentioned, it is based on the use of materials called susceptors, which exhibit catalytic behavior in the transfer of electromagnetic energy into thermal energy and its subsequent transmission by conductivity to the wax molding layer of the sculpture. This enables controlled, gentle, and non-aggressive dewaxing, both for the pieces and the environment, in contrast to the traditional thermal shock technique (Flash Dewaxing). The high conductivity resulting from the composition of the susceptor material achieves a drastic reduction in dewaxing times due to the rapid increase in its temperature, allowing for the removal of the wax without damaging the mold. The possibility of not burning wax or any other thermodegradable material implies a considerable improvement in the handling and control of the process. While heat transfer is necessary, it will always remain within reasonable limits when managing the waste associated with traditional techniques: CO2 and CO generation, and all the ash and residue from conventional combustion. Not only would the elimination of waste justify this system, but wax recovery would be around 951 TP3T. Currently, this amount is impossible in any other system, where we would be talking about 20 or 301 TP3T of the wax used. The research objectives are geared towards the need to further simplify the various casting processes, enabling dewaxing in a microwave oven with complete safety, thus resolving problems of gas emissions and electricity consumption in fine arts studios and small private workshops.
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The origin of this proposal parts from the research project «»Alternatives in dewaxin on ceramic shell casting: microwave technique»» HAR2010-17570 funded by the National plan R + D + I, with the help of which it was possible to manufacture the first prototype microwave oven and the first patent ES2519990 A1 (07/11/2014). Patent that includes the design and manufacture of a specific microwave oven and a method that perfected ceramic mold casting for artworks, jewelry and design objects in a small and medium format, while saving energy, time and costs. It is an alternative system of dewaxing for ceramic shell molds, based on the use of susceptors, sensitive to microwaves with high molecular composition having a magnetocaloric response to the radiation produced by a source of conventional microwaves. After completion of the previous project, it is necessary to optimize the implemented prototype based on experimental results, while the procedure that ultimately defines this new technique of dewaxing in casting for metals is established. It is based, as we said, on the use of some materials called susceptors, which have a catalyst behavior in the transfer of electromagnetic energy into thermal energy and its consequent transmission conductivity to the layer of molding wax sculpture, enabling controlled dewaxing, smooth and non-aggressive, for both the pieces and the environment, as opposed to the traditional technique of thermal shock (Flash Dewaxing). High conductivity resulting from the composition of the susceptor material achieves a drastic decrease in dewaxing times because of the high speed in increasing its temperature, allowing the evacuation of the wax in the mold without mold rupture. The possibility of not combusting the wax or other thermodegradable material implies a considerable improvement on the handling and control of the process, since, although a heat transmission is needed, this will always be within reasonable margins when managing traditional techniques waste like: CO2, CO and all those ashes and remains of a conventional combustion. Not only the removal of debris already justify this system, the wax recovery would be around 95%. Currently, this is an impossible amount in any other system where we would be talking about 20 or 30% of the wax used. The research objectives are geared towards the need to increasingly simplify different processes in Foundry, being able to dewax in a microwave oven safely solving problems of gas emissions and electricity consumption in the workshops of Fine Arts and in small individual workshops
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