Meetings and collisions with Julian: The Apostate and his sequels along the history
Abstract
This article offers a sample of the different attitudes expressed to the Roman Emperor Julian the Apostate (361-363), starting with those of his contemporaries through to more recent authors. Some have been his out-spoken enemies and others his enthusiastic followers, while some historians or writers have taken a more moderate view of the Emperor. What has been generally projected on to him is an apologetic interest in defending or rejecting Christianity, something which Julian himself criticized. The tragic condition of the figure of Julian is defined by the transitional period through he lived and by the fact that he represents the typical “convert” who has an intense spiritual experience of both the religion he abandoned and the new one he acquired.
References
AURELIO PRUDENCIO (1981): Obras completas, ed. A. ORTEGA e I. RODRÍGUEZ, BAC, Madrid.
AMIANO MARCELINO (2002): Historia, ed. M. L. HARTO TRUJILLO, Akal, Madrid.
BERNARDI, J. (1978): “Les invectives contreJulien de Grégoire de Naziance”,en GROUPE DE RECHERCHES DE NICE, L’empereur Julien. De l’histoire à la légende (331-1715), Les Belles Lettres, Paris, pp. 89-98.
BIDEZ, J. (1965): La vie de l’empereur Julien, Les Belles Lettres, Paris.
BOUFFARTIGUE, J. (1992) : L’empereur Julien et la culture de son temps, Institut d’Études Augustiniennes, Paris.
BOUFFARTIGUE, J. (2007): “Les ténèbres et la crasse. L’empereur Julien et sa jeunesse chrétienne ”, en D. TOLLET (ed.), La religion que j’ai quittée, Presses de l’Université Paris-Sorbonne, pp. 25-38.
COHEN, L. (1978): “Sur l’iconographie de Julien”, en GROUPE DE RECHERCHES DE NICE, L’empereur Julien. De l’histoire à la légende (331-1715), Les Belles Lettres, Paris, pp. 213-227.
CYRILLE D’ALEXANDRIE (1985): Contre Julien I, ed. P. BURGUIÈRE y P. ÉVIEUX, Cerf, Paris.
EUNAPIO DI SARDI (2007): Vite di filosofi e sofisti, ed. M. CIVILETTI, Bompiani, Milano.
GRÉGOIRE DE NACIANZE (1983): Discours 4-5. Contre Julien, ed. J. BERNARDI, Cerf, Paris.
IBSEN, H. (2006): Emperador y galileo, Encuentro, Madrid.
IRMSCHER, J. (1996): “L’etica in Giuliano l’Apostata”, I, Institutum Patristicum Augustinianum [Studia Ephemeridis Augustinianum 53: 459-463], Roma.
JEAN CHRYSOSTOME (1990): Sur Babylas, ed. M. A. SCHATKIN, B. GRILLET et J.-N. GUINOT, Cerf, Paris.
JERPHAGNON, L. (2008): Julien, dit l’Apostat. Histoire naturelle d’une famille sous le Bas-Empire, Tallandier, Paris.
JULIAN (1969): Works,ed. W. C. WRIGHT, Heinemann, London / Harvard Un. Press, Cambridge, Massachusetts.
JULIAN (1969) (1973): Briefe, ed. B. K. WEIS, Heimeran, München.
JULIANO (1924-1925): Obras Completas, ed. R. CANSINOS ASSENS, Sucesores de Hernando, Madrid.
JULIANO (1982a): Discursos VI-XII, ed. J. GARCÍA BLANCO, Gredos, Madrid.
JULIANO (1982b): Contra los galileos. Cartas y fragmentos. Testimonios. Leyes, ed. J. GARCÍA BLANCO y P. JIMÉNEZ GAZAPO, Gredos, Madrid.
JULIANO (2002): Discursos I-V, ed. J. GARCÍA BLANCO, Gredos, Madrid.
JULIEN (1932-1963): Oeuvres Complètes, ed. J. BIDEZ et G. ROCHEFORT, Les Belles Lettres, Paris.
KAVAFIS, K. (1997): Poesía completa, trad. J. M. ÁLVAREZ, Hiperión, Madrid.
LABRIOLLE, P. DE (2005): La reaction païenne, Cerf, Paris.
LIBANIO (2001a): Discursos I: Autobiografía, ed. A. M. BELLIDO, Gredos, Madrid.
LIBANIO (2001b): Discursos III: Discursos Julianeos, ed. Á. GONZÁLEZ GÁLVEZ, Gredos, Madrid.
MEREJKOWSKY, D. S. (1901): La muerte de los dioses, Francisco Sempere-Editor, Valencia.
MONTAIGNE, M. DE (1967): “De la liberté de conscience”, en Oeuvres Complètes, Seuil, Paris.
MONTERO DÍAZ, S. (1969): Biografía completa de Juliano el Apóstata, Ibérico Europea, Madrid.
PHILOSTORGIUS (2007): Church History, ed. PH. R. AMIDON S.I., Society of Biblical Literature, Atlanta.
RUFINO (1986): Storia della Chiesa, ed. L. DATTRINO, Città Nuova, Roma.
SAN SERRANO, R. M. (1991): Roma. El paganismo tardío y Juliano el Apóstata, Akal, Madrid.
SÁNCHEZ DRAGÓ, F. (2001): Carta de Jesús al Papa, Planeta, Barcelona.
SAVATER, F. (1975): “Julián el Piadoso”, en Tiempo de historia 12: 38-55, Madrid.
SOCRATE DE CONSTANTINOPLE (2005): Histoire ecclésiastique, Livres II et III, ed. P. PÉRICHON S.J. et P. MARAVAL, Cerf, Paris.
SOZOMÈNE (2005): Histoire ecclésiastique, Livres V-VI,ed. A.-J. FESTUGIÈRE O.P., B. GRILLET et G. SABBAH, Cerf, Paris.
THÉODORET DE CYR (2009): Histoire ecclésiastique, Livres III-V, ed. A. MARTIN, P. CANIVET, J. BOUFFARTIGUE, L. PIETRI et F. THÉLAMON, Cerf, Paris.
VIDAL, G. (2008): Juliano el Apóstata, Edhasa, Barcelona.
WINKEL, R. L. (2003): The Christians as the Romans saw them, Yale Un. Press, New Haven-London.
WOHL, L. DE (1988): ¡Venciste, Galileo!, Palabra, Madrid.
Authors retain copyright and grant the journal the right to be the first publication of the work as well as license it under a Creative Commons Attribution License that allows others to share the work with acknowledgment of authorship of the work and initial publication in this magazine.
Authors may separately establish additional agreements for the non-exclusive distribution of the version of the work published in the journal (for example, placing it in an institutional repository or publishing it in a book), with an acknowledgment of its initial publication in this journal.